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Major products are copper and copper alloy powders, aluminum powders, aluminum/magnesium alloy powders, silver, tin, lead and solder powders. These powders are used as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial applications such as - oil impregnated self-lubricating bearings, automotive parts, refractory bricks, welding rods and wires, defense industry, chemical industry and many other uses.

For the last two decades, the maior research activities at CSC have been concentrated on quality improvement, cost reduction and new product development of metal powders. All these efforts have been made to meet the diverse needs of customers and to help them to become more competitive in terms of both quality and price. These continuous and intensive R & D efforts have placed CSC in the forefront among the producers of metal powders of the world. The superb quality, which guarantees consistency from one batch to another, and the diversity of CSC metal powder products assure complete satisfaction of requirements of every customer.

Metal Powders Available from CSC

- Copper and Copper Alloy Powders

Product

Grade

Norminal Chemical Composition(%)

Apparent Density
(g/cc)

Flow Rate(sec/50g)

Hydrogen Loss(%)

Screen Analysis(%)

Applications

Description

+60

+80

+100

+140

+200

+325
(-200)

-325

Copper (Atomized)

ACU- 60
ACU- 80
ACU-100
ACU-140
ACU-200
ACU-325

Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min

2.7-3.1
2.5-3.5
2.8-3.5
3.0-3.5
2.7-3.5
2.8-3.8

40max
40max
45max
45max
NA
NA

0.3max
0.3max
0.3max
0.3max
0.4max
0.4max

10max

5max

30min

20min

5max

10-20

5max

Bal

20-30

10-20

10max

3max

5max

20-30

20-40

20-30

Bal

30-50

40-60

60-80

80min

● Powder metallurgy uses

● Friction materials

● Electrical contacts

● Fillers

Manufactured from refined copper by atomization and reduction process. Choice of grades gives different sieve analysis.Irregular in shape and porous.

Copper
(Electrolytic)

ECU-100
ECU-200
ECU-325

Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min
Cu 99.5 min

1.7-2.2
1.3-1.7
1.5-2.0

NA
NA
NA

0.3max
0.3max
0.4max

3max

10-30

3max

1max

30-50

20-40

5-20

40-60

60-80

80-95

● Powder metallurgy uses

● Carbon brushes

● Diamond saws

Produced from electrolytic copper by electrolysis process.Powder particles are dendritic in shape.

Copper
(Flaked)

FC-200
FC-500

Cu 98.0 min, Lub 1.0 max
Cu 97.0 min, Lub 1.0 max

0.9-1.3 1.0-1.4

NA
NA

5max

30-50

5max

50-70

95min

● Pigments

● Additives for resins

● Electrical contacts

Flake type of copper powder.
Powders of various water covering area are available.

Bronze
(Premixed)

KAB- 0
KAB- 3
KAB-10
KAB-23
KAB-30

Cu 90.0, Sn 10.0, Lub 0.8
Cu 90.0, Sn 10.0, Lub 0.8
Cu 90.0, Sn 10.0, Lub 0.8
Cu 90.0, Sn 10.0, Lub 0.8
Cu 90.0, Sn 10.0, Lub 0.8

3.0-3.3
3.0-3.3
3.0-3.3
3.0-3.3
3.0-3.3

45max
45max
45max
45max
45max

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

5max

35-55

40-60

● Oil impregnated sintered

....bearings

● Sintered structural parts

● Friction materials

Premixed bronze powder ready for immediate use in compaction press.Each grade has its own specific growth and shrinkage rate during sintering operation.

Bronze
(Prealloyed)

PAB-10
PAB-15
PAB-20

Cu 90, Sn 10
Cu 85, Sn 15
Cu 80, Sn 20

4.5-5.5
4.7-5.5
4.5-5.5

20-30 Smax
NA
NA

0.3max
0.3max
0.3max

Particle size distribution is controlled
upon request.

● Sintered metal filters

● Filler for resins

● Diamond saws

Prealloyed bronze powders.Powder particles are spherical in shape and have good flow characteristics.

Brass

ABR-20
ABR-30

Cu 78.5, Zn 20, Pb 1.5, Lub 0.8
Cu 70, Zn 30, Lub 0.8

3.3-3.7
3.3-3.7

45max
45max

NA
NA

5max

5-15

10-20

20-30

45-65

● Sintered machine parts

● Friction materials

● Brazing

Produced by atomizing or crushing process to specifications of controlled chemical compositions and size distribution.

Kelmet

PAK-1
PAK-2
PAK-3
PAK-4

       Cu 62.5, Pb 37.5
       Cu 65, Pb 35
       Cu 70, Pb 30
       Cu 75, Pb 25

5.2-6.0
5.2-6.0
5.2-5.7
5.2-5.7

20max
20max
20max
20max

0.35max
0.35max
0.35max
0.35max

2max

15-30

15-40

40-60

● Metal bearings for engines

● Metal bushes

● Friction materials

Made by gas atomizing process. Powders are spherical in shape and have good flow properties.

Leaded Tin Bronze

ALB-1
ALB-3
ALB-6

Cu 88, Sn 4, Pb 4, Zn 4 max
Cu 80, Sn 10, Pb 10
Cu 72.5, Sn 3.5, Pb 24.0

5.2-5.7
5.2-5.7
5.2-5.7

20max
20max
20max

0.3max
0.3max
0.3max

2max

15-30

15-40

40-60

● Metal bearings for engines

● Metal bushes

● Friction materials

Manufactured by both gas and water atomization to controlled particle size distribution and shape.

Phosphor Bronze

PBP-3
PBP-4

Cu 92, Sn 8, P 0.5 max
Cu 89, Sn 11,P 0.5 max

5.2-5.7
5.2-5.7

20max
20max

0.3max
0.3max

2max

15-30

15-40

40-60

● Metal bearings for engines

● Metal bushes

● Fillers

Made by gas atomizing process. Powders are spherical in shape and have good flow properties.

In additional to the powders listed above, custom made powders are also available

- Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Powders

Product

Grade

Norminal Chemical composition(%)

Apparent Density(g/cc)

Flow Rate
(sec/50g)

Screen Analysis (%)

Applications

Description

+20

+60

+80

+100

+200
(-100)

+325
(-200)

-325

Aluminum

AAL- 25
AAL- 80
AAL-100
AAL-200
AAL-325

Al 99.5 min
Al 99.5 min
Al 99.5 min
Al 99.5 min
Al 99.5 min

0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

3max

5max
5max

70min

Bal
70-90
Bal
10max
1max

Bal
10-30
15-30

10-30
65-85
90min

● Refracrory materials
● Friction materials
● Powder matallury uses
● Explosives

Manuractured from virgin aluminium ingot by air atomizing process.
Grades meet military specifications.

Aluminum/
Magnesum Alloy

MAA-60
MAB-60
MAC-60
MAD-60
MAE-60
MAF-60

Al 60, Mg 40
Al 50, Mg 50
Al 40, Mg 60
Al 65, Mg 35
Al 45, Mg 55
Al 55, Mg 45

0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2
0.8 - 1.2

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

2max
2max
2max
2max
2max
2max

50-75
50-75
50-75
50-75
50-75
50-75

25-45
25-45
25-45
25-45
25-45
25-45

● Arc welding electrodes
● Flux-cored welding wires
● Refractory materials
● Pyrotechnics
● Explosives

Produced from virgin aluminium and magnesium ingots by alloying and crushing process. Stabilization treatment gives low gas evolving properties when touched with water. Granular in shape.

- Other Metal Powders

Product

Grade

Norminal Chemical Composition(%)

Apparent Density
(g/cc)

Flow Rate(sec/50g)

Screen Analysis(%)

Applications

Description

+100

+140

+200

+270

+325

+400
(-200)

-400

Silver
(Spherical)

HAG- 800
HAG-1000
HAG-1200

Ag 99.5 min
Ag 99.5 min
Ag 99.5 min

1.5-3.0
0.7-1.5
0.4-0.8

NA
NA
NA

Average particle size : 3.5-5.5μm, -200mesh
Average particle size : 0.7-1.2μm, -200mesh
Average particle size : 0.3-0.7μm, -200mesh

● Electrical contacts

● Conductive paints

● Batteries

Produced by hydrometallurgy process.
Partcle size can be adjusted upon request.

Silver
(Flaked)

FAG-890
FAG-910

Ag 99.6 min
Ag 99.6 min

0.9-1.8

Average particle size : 0.7-1.0μm, -400mesh
Average particle size : 0.5-0.7μm, -400mesh

● Electronic parts

●Conductive pastes

Made by ball milling of silver powder with sultable lubricants.

Cobalt

NCO-600

Co 99.8 min

0.9-1.3

Average particle size : 0.6-2.0m, -200mesh

● Diamond saws

● Hard metals

Produced from purity cobalt sources by hydrometallurgy Process.

Tin

AT-200
AT-325

Sn 99.5 min
Sn 99.5 min

4.0-4.4
2.8-3.8

NA
NA

5max

15-25
15max

70-85
85min

● Sintered bronze parts

● Friction materlals

● Metalllzlng

Manufactured from hlgh purity virgin tin Ingot by gas atomizing process.

Lead

NAP-200
NAP-325

Pb 99.5 min
Pb 99.5 min

4.5-6.0
4.5-5.2

NA
NA

5max

15-30
15max

70-85
85min

● Powder metallurgy uses

● x-ray protection materlals

Produced from virgin lead ingot by gas atomizing process.

Solder

PAS-7
PAS-15
PAS-30
PAS-50

Sn 7, Pb 93
15:85 Sn 7, Pb 93
30:70 Sn 7, Pb 93
50:50 Sn 7, Pb 93

4.0-5.5
4.4-5.2
4.4-4.8
3.6-4.6

20max
20max
20max
NA

1max

15max
1max

75min

1max

7max
Bal

1max

3max
Bal
Bal

● Soldering of PCB

● Electronic and electrlcal uses

Made by gas atomizing process.
Powder partlcles are spherical in shape and have very good flow propertles. Oxygen contents of powders are strictly controlled.

Zinc

AZ-100
AZ-325

Zn 99.7 min
Zn 99.7 min

3.0-4.0
2.5-3.5

NA
NA

3max

2max

30-50
10-30

10-30
30-50

20max
40min

● Batteries

● Metallizlng

● Catalysts

Made from virgin zinc ingot by water atomizing process.
Irregular In shape.

Applications of Metal Powders

The maior applications of metal powders are the powder metallurgy (P/M) uses. The merits of the powder metallurgy technology were recognised by the early automotive engineers who developed the self-lubricating bearing which is virtually the first commercial application of a P/M product. Porous self-lubricating bearings can only be manufactured by P/M technique. The P/M technology was then introduced to making structural components. Structural parts had cost advantages over conventional part making technology. However, the significant commercial applications of modern powder metallurgy started quite recently when people became concerned much more about the preservation of the environment. The P/M processes are free of fumes or chemical pollutants and require little or no machining, thus resulting in minimal scrap loss. As a result, many types of machine parts, electrical and electronic parts are now being manufactured by this P/M technology. In addition to the P/M applications, metal powders are also useful as ingredients to the fire bricks for steel industry, arc welding electrodes, conductive paints, pigments, propellants, catalysts, and metal reinforced plastics.
Application Fields of Metal Powders
	Powder Metallurgy Uses * Self-lubricating porous bearings * Metal bushes and bearings * Friction parts * Mechanical parts * Electrical contacts * Metal filters * Hard metals * Composite materials * Diamond tools * Infiltrating agents Electronic Materials Conductive Paints EMI Materials Resistance Paints Fireworks Metallizing Pigments Filler for Resins Welding Electrodes Batteries Chemicals Abrasives Reducing Agents Propellants Magnetic Materials

Testing Methods for Metal Powders
Apparent Density (A.D.)	Flow Rate
Apparent density refers to the weight of a unit volume of powder, usually expressed as grams per cubic con- timeter. A volume of powder is permitted to flow from a standard Hall Flowmeter funnel having a calibrated orifice (2.54mm in diameter) into a density cup of 25 cubic centimeter. When the cup is completely filled with the powder, level off the powder flush with the top of the density cup and transfer the powder to balance and weigh to the nearest 0.1 gram. Apparent Density, g/cc = Weight In gram x0.04 * Reference: ASTM Designation B2l 2-82, Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free- Flowing Metal Powders	Flow rate refers to the time required for a powder sample of standard weight to flow through an orifice in a standard instrument, usually express- ed as seconds per 50 grams. The powder of 50 grams weighed to the nearest 0.1 gram is loaded into the Hall Flowmeter funnel while keeping closed the discharge orifice at the bottom of the funnel by placing a dry finger under it. Start the stop watch simultaneously with removal of the finger from the discharge orifice and stop it at the instant the last of the powder leaves the funnel. Record the elapsed time in seconds.
	Flow Rate = Time In sEconds per 50 grams * Reference: ASTM Designation B213-83 Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Density Cup Hall Flowmeter

Sieve Analysis

Standard Sieve

Sieve analysis refers to the particle size
distribution, usually expressed as the weight
percentage retained upon each of a series of
standard sieves of decreasing size and the
percentage passed by the sieve of finest size.
The size of the test specimen is 100 grams
for powder having an apparent density
greater than 1.5g/cm3 and 50 grams when
the apparent density is less than 1.5g1cm3.
Assemble the group of the sieves selected in
consecutive order as to size of openings, with
the coarsest at the top. Place the test
specimen on the top sieve and close this
sieve with a solid cover. Then fasten the
sieve assembly securely in a suitable sieve
shaking device and operate the machine for
a period of 15 mins. Remove the content of
each sieve and weigh it to the nearest 0.1
gram. The weights of the fractions retained
on each sieve are expressed as percentages
of the weight of the test specimen.

* Reference:
ASTM Designation
B214-86 Standard Test
Method for Sieve
Analysis of Granular
Metal Powders

Mesh No.	Sieve Opening (μm)
Mesh No.	U.S. *	TYLER	JIS*	BS*
3.5	5,600	5,613	5,600	-
5	4,000	3,962	-	3,353
8	2,360	2,362	-	2,057
12	1,700	1,397	1,400	1,405
16	1,180	991	1,000	1,003
18	1,000	-	850	853
20	850	833	-	-
24	-	701	-	-
25	710	-	-	599
30	600	-	500	500
32	-	495	-	-
35	500	417	-	-
36	-	-	425	422
40	425	-	-	-
45	355	-	-	-
48	-	-	-	-
50	300	-	300	-
52	-	-	-	295
60	250	295	250	251
80	180	175	-	-
85	-	-	-	178
100	150	147	150	152
115	-	124	-	-
120	125	-	125	124
140	106	-	106	-
150	-	104	-	104
170	90	88	-	89
200	75	74	75	-
230	63	-	-	-
250	-	63	-	-
270	53	53	-	-
300	-	-	-	53
325	45	44	-	-
330	-	-	45	-
400	38	37	-	-

         * U.S. : U.S. Standard Sieve
         * JIS    : Japanese Industrial Standard
         * BS    : British Standard

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Physical Properties of Metals

Element	Symbol	Atomic Weight	Melting Point(°C)	Density(g/cc. 20°C)
Aluminum	Al	26.98	660.2	2.70
Antimony	Sb	121.75	630.5	6.68
Bismuth	Bi	209.00	271.3	9.80
Cadmium	Cd	112.40	320.9	8.65
Cobalt	CO	58.93	1495.0	8.90
Copper	CU	63.54	1083.0	8.93
Chromium	Cr	52.00	1890.0	7.19
Gold	Au	197.00	1063.0	19.26
Iron	Fe	55.85	1539.0	7.87
Lead	Pb	207.20	327.4	11.34
Magnesium	Mg	24.31	650.0	1.74
Manganese	Mn	54.94	1245.0	7.42
Molybdenum	Mo	95.94	2625.0	10.20
Nickel	Ni	58.71	1455.0	8.90
Platinum	Pt	195.10	1773.0	21.45
Silicon	Si	28.09	1430.0	2.33
Silver	Ag	107.87	960.5	10.49
Tin	Sn	118.69	231.9	7.30
Titanium	Ti	47.90	1820.0	4.50
Tungsten	W	183.90	3410.0	19.30
Vanadium	V	50.94	1735.0	6.10
Zinc	Zn	65.37	419.5	7.13